Kushicilelwe · Swati

Kubhalisa Inkampani eShayina: Emadokhumenti, Tinkhambo kanye Nesikhathi

Umhlahlandlela wekutiveta kwebakhafu bamazwe ngekwenta ibhizinisi eShayina: emadokhumenti ladzingekako, tinkhambo tekubhalisa, kanye nesikhathi lesilindelekile. Lwati lolukhetsekile, hatsi lululekelo lwezomthetho noma lwetintselo.

Kubhalisa inkampani eShayina kungumsebenti lobalulekile kumkhafu wasemzweni lophetse kufaka imali eChina. Lelikhasi linikelela lwati lolujwayelekile ngekuhleleka kwemadokhumenti, tinkhambo, kanye nesikhathi lesilindelekile. Ngalokucacile: loku akusiko lulekelo lwezomthetho noma lwetintselo. Imithetho yaseChina iyashintsha, futhi imininingwane yendawo iyahluka; ngako ke funa lulekelo lwemtsetfo kanye nelwemkhakhi wemtsebenti losemthethweni ngaphambi kwekutsi utinikele.

1. Tfola lucwaningo lwekucala ngekuhleleka kwebhizinisi

Ngaphambi kwekutsi ugcwalise emafomu, kufanele ucineke indlela yekuhlela ibhizinisi lakho. Tintfo letisemcoka:

• Inhlobo yenkampani: Lizinga le-Wholly Foreign-Owned Enterprise (WFOE) livame kukhulunywa ngalo kubakhafu basemzweni labafuna kulawula ngco. Kukhona netindlela tekuhlanganyela nemuntfu wasekhaya, kodwa tinyatselo netimiso tiyahluka.
• Umsebenti webhizinisi: Umsebenti lowufunako kufanele uhambisane nemikhakha lephefumulelwe noma lekhawulelwe ngekwemthetho. Lokunye kudinga imvume letsite.
• Indzawo yekusebenta: Kufanele ube nendzawo yekusebenta lefanelekile, kungaba yekuphatsa noma yekutentela.
• Imali lefakiwe: Caphela tindleko tekubhalisa, tekubhanga, netekuhlehla kwemali. Imali lefakiwe ayikho emtsetfweni munye wekutsi wonkhe umuntfu asebentise.

2. Emadokhumenti ladzingekako

Lokhu lokulandzelako kuyisibonelo lesijwayelekile; imiphakatsi yekubhalisa ingafuna lokunye. Emadokhumenti lamanyenti kufanele ahunyushwe ngemfundvo yekuhumusha lekholelwako, futhi lamanye adinga kuphekwa ngesikhwama semtsetfo (notarization) noma kuqinisekiswe ngumphakatsi.

Emadokhumenti emuntfu

• Iphasi lelisebenta noma umazisi welive lakho.
• Imifanekiso yephasi.
• Idilesi yasekhaya kanye netinhlelo tekuxhumana.
• I-CV noma imininingwane yemsebenti, uma kudzingeka.

Emadokhumenti enkampani

• Umtsetfo wentsandvo yenkampani (Articles of Association) lowuhunyushiwe.
• Sitatimende semali lefakiwe kanye nemithombo yayo.
• Bufakazi bendzawo yekusebenta (isivumelwano sekuholota noma incwadzi yemnikati wendzawo).
• Luhlu lwebaphathi kanye nemisebenti yabo.
• Imvume yekusebenta uma umsebenti udinga imvume letsite.

Kuhumusha nekuchubeka

Emadokhumenti lasemazweni angaphandle kufanele ahunyushwe ngemfundvo lekholelwako. Ezinye tindzawo tidinga kutsi emadokhumenti aphekwe ngesikhwama semtsetfo (notarized) bese aqinisekiswa ngumphakatsi waseChina noma ngumphakatsi welive lekuchamuka. Loku kungadla sikhathi lesengeziwe, ngako lungiselela kusengaphambili.

3. Tinkhambo tekubhalisa

Inkhambo yekubhalisa ivame kuhamba ngalokulandzelako, kodwa tincenye tiyahluka ngekwendawo kanye nenhlobo yenkampani.

Inkhambo 1: Kucinisekisa ibizo lenkampani

Gcwalisa sicelo sekucinisekisa ibizo egunjini lekuphatsa imisebenti yekubhalisa ekhaya (market regulation administration). Ibizo kufanele lihambisane nemitsetfo yaseChina ngekuphindza, ngekuhambisana nemikhakha lekhawulelwe, kanye nekulandzela tindlela tekubhala. Lokhu kungathatha masonto lamanyenti.

Inkhambo 2: Kuhlungiselela emadokhumenti

Lungiselela umtsetfo wentsandvo, tincumo tebaphathi, kanye nemadokhumenti emuntfu. Qinisekisa kutsi tonkhe tihunyushiwe futhi, lapho kudzingeka khona, tiphekwe ngesikhwama semtsetfo.

Inkhambo 3: Kufaka sicelo sekubhalisa

Faka sicelo egunjini lekuphatsa imisebenti yekubhalisa. Kuye ngedolobha, loku kungenziwa nge-intanethi noma ngemishini. Udinga ikhadi lembuso (legal representative) kanye nemininingwane yekuholota.

Inkhambo 4: Kutfola incwadzi yekubhalisa (business license)

Uma sicelo semukelekile, inkampani ithola incwadzi yekubhalisa. Loku kuphawula kutsi inkampani isikhona ngekwemtsetfo. Kodwa ke, kukhona tinkhambo letinye letisalindzelwe ngemuva kwalokho.

Inkhambo 5: Kuvula i-akhawunti yebhanga

Vula i-akhawunti yenkampani ebhanga laseChina. Loku kudzingekile kute ufake imali lefakiwe, ukhokhe tindleko, futhi usebente ngekwemtsetfo. Bhanga lingafuna bufakazi bendzawo yekusebenta kanye nemadokhumenti enhlangano.

Inkhambo 6: Kubhalisa etintfweni tekuphatsa tintselo

Bhalisa inkampani etintfweni tekuphatsa tintselo (tax authorities) futhi utfole inombolo yekukhokha tintselo. Lokhu kufaka nekubhalisa uhlelo lwekuphatsa tintselo kanye nekuhlanganyela nemuntfu lomelwe tinkhomba.

Inkhambo 7: Kuhlanganyela netintfo letinye

Kuye ngemsebenti, ungadinga kuphindza ubhalise etintfweni tetemisebenti, tetemphilo, noma tetendzawo. Kubalulekile kubuta umeluleki wasekhaya ngetimiso letitsintsa umkhakha wakho.

4. Sikhathi lesilindelekile

Asikho sikhathi lesisetulu lesisebenta kubo bonkhe. Sikhathi sincike ekutseni emadokhumenti akho aphelele yini, indzawo, umkhakha, kanye nekutsi kukhona yini tinkinga tetimiso. Ngalokujwayelekile:

• Kucinisekisa ibizo: masonto, kuye ngelizinga lekuhlolwa.
• Kuhlungiselela emadokhumenti: emasonto noma tinyanga, ikakhulukazi uma kudzingeka kuhumusha nekupheka ngesikhwama semtsetfo.
• Kufaka sicelo nekutfola incwadzi yekubhalisa: emasonto, kuye ngedolobha.
• Kuvula i-akhawunti yebhanga: emasonto, kuye ngebhanga kanye nekuhambisana kwemadokhumenti.
• Kubhalisa tintselo netinye tintfo: emasonto lasuka kumabili kuya kwelasikhombisa, kuye ngetimo.

Uma uhlanganisa konkhe, bakhafu labanyenti kufanele balindzele emasonto lasuka ku-8 kuya ku-16, kodwa lesi akusiko sitsembiso. Tinkinga temadokhumenti, kuhumusha, noma timiso tasekhaya tingandzisa sikhathi.

5. Emacebo ekunciphisa tinkinga

• Sebentisa umeluleki wasekhaya lonesipiliyoni kumkhakha wakho.
• Lungiselela emadokhumenti ahunyushiwe kusengaphambili.
• Qinisekisa kutsi indzawo yekusebenta inemadokhumenti laphelele.
• Hlola imikhakha lekhawulelwe ngaphambi kwekucinisekisa ibizo.
• Gcina irekhodi yekuhlehla kwemali kanye nemithombo yayo.

6. Umhlahlandlela wekugcina

Kubhalisa inkampani eShayina kudinga kulungiselela kahle, kunaka imininingwane, kanye nekusebentisa umeluleki lofanelekile. Lwati lolukhetsekile lwangenhla lusemlandvo wekujwayelekile, hhayi lulekelo lwezomthetho noma lwetintselo. Ngaphambi kwekutsi utfume noma nguluphi luhlu lwemadokhumenti noma ukhokhe tindleko, funa lulekelo lwemtsetfo kanye nelwemkhakhi wemtsebenti losemthethweni eChina. Lokhu kuzokusita kutsi ugweme tinkinga letibita sikhathi nemali, futhi uqale ibhizinisi lakho ngendlela lehambisana nemitsetfo yaseShayina.